Abstract

GDM has emerged as a public health problem globally and marks beginning of a vicious cycle in which diabetes begets more diabetes, leaving a legacy for both affected mother and her offspring to face impending long-term consequences. For effective continuum of care in GDM, early diagnosis and adequate management is very essential and nutrition intervention through MNT has been recognized as the cornerstone of therapy. MNT is a self-management therapy and the clinical goals of MNT in GDM are to achieve normoglycemia, prevent ketosis, provide adequate weight gain and add to the foetal wellbeing. Education, support and follow-up are required to assist the woman to make lifestyle changes essential to successful nutrition therapy. The management of GDM entails calorie and nutrient restrictions and the challenge for MNT in GDM is to balance the needs of a healthy pregnancy with the need to control glucose level. The food plan should be individualized and culturally appropriate to consider the patient’s body habitus, weight gain and physical activity and be modified as needed throughout pregnancy to achieve treatment goals. Nutrition intervention should emphasize overall healthy food choices, portion control and cooking practices that can be continued postpartum and may help prevent later diabetes. It is utmost important to seek nutrition intervention for adequate maternal nutrient intake for growth of foetus without draining on mother’s own tissue to maintain pregnancy. MNT remains front and foremost in the management of GDM as there could be long-term cost savings in the prevention of negative future consequences of GDM for mothers and children.